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In type theory, a type system has the property of subject reduction (also subject evaluation, type preservation or simply preservation) if evaluation of expressions does not cause their type to change. Formally, if ? ? e1 : ? and e1 -> e2 then ? ? e2 : ?.
Together with progress, it is an important meta-theoretical property for establishing type soundness of a type system.
The opposite property, if ? ? e2 : ? and e1 -> e2 then ? ? e1 : ?, is called subject expansion. It often does not hold as evaluation can erase ill-typed sub-terms of an expression, resulting in a well-typed one.
Video Subject reduction
References
- Wright, Andrew K.; Felleisen, Matthias (1994). "A Syntactic Approach to Type Soundness". Information and Computation. 115 (1): 38-94. doi:10.1006/inco.1994.1093.
- Pierce, Benjamin C. (2002). "8.3 Safety = Progress + Preservation". Types and Programming Languages. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-16209-8.
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